In order to be guided in the choice of methods for the treatment of this disease, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of what varicose veins are and what causes the disease. Thus, varicose veins is a serious disease, the end result of which is stretching and dilation of the veins and blood vessels of the circulatory system with irreversible course.
As a result of the thinning of the walls and their expansion, in this scenario, the formation of nodules on the veins can be observed, characterized by the presence of vascular insufficiency due to genetic pathology. As for the prescription for the detection of varicose veins, its external manifestations have been noticed for a relatively long time. Well-known doctors such as Hippocrates and Galena have made many attempts to cure venous disease, but unfortunately have not been successful.
Today this disease is one of the most common. This is due to a number of reasons, which include the very nature of the appearance of varicose veins. Provoking factors contributing to the appearance of varicose veins are:
- hereditary predisposition
- taking hormonal drugs
- pregnancy
- overweight and obesity
- lack of physical activity and maintaining a sedentary lifestyle
Ultimately, the disease leads to an increase in venous pressure and disruption of the functional characteristics of the venous valves. As a result, a slow, chaotic blood flow is caused, in which it stagnates in the veins and blood vessels. The venous walls eventually begin to stretch, become thin, and the vessels deform.
As complications of the disease there are manifestations such as impaired blood flow in the veins of the legs. Over time, they begin to act as causes of exacerbation and development of this disease, significantly increasing the pressure on the venous system. Very often, especially in the female half of the population, the appearance of varicose veins is explained by hormonal disorders.
Modern methods of treating varicose veins
Thanks to many years of research on the problem, scientists and medical educators have been able to develop many methods and treatments for varicose veins. Modern methods of treating varicose veins should be used in strict accordance with the severity of the disease. Although at an advanced stage there are several treatment options leading to the same goal: elimination of stretched vascular tissue in different ways.
In the initial stage, it is advisable to use an integrated approach to the process, including increasing physical activity, therapeutic exercises, wearing products from their compression stockings to tighten superficial manifestations, organizing rest and work activities, taking into account the disease.
It should be noted that varicose veins are most often affected by the lower extremities, although the disease can also occur in other parts of the human body, such as the stomach, esophagus, pelvis, ovaries and sperm. Often, in addition to preventive measures, patients need more radical treatment. The most commonly used methods at this stage include:
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the legs
- Hirudotherapy - treatment with leeches
- Sclerotherapy - the introduction of a special liquid composition in the vessel
- Laser treatment of leg veins
- radiofrequency ablation
- drug therapy
- elastic compression
Surgical treatment of varicose veins
Surgical treatment is a radical method used in the presence of varicose veins in the legs. Surgery in modern clinics is performed at a high enough level, which makes it possible not to be in the hospital after treatment.
In addition, depending on the patient's wishes, anesthesia can be both general and local, in which case it is possible to be fully conscious during the operation. Among the main surgical methods of treatment it is possible to distinguish the following:
- method of sclerotherapy. It is produced by introducing a special agent, as a result of which a scar is formed on the required area of the dilated vein. This technique is acceptable for venous expansion of low and medium severity. Its main advantages include the fact that the procedure is easily tolerated, performed under local anesthesia and leads to the desired result when performed correctly. In some cases, re-operation is required until the pathology disappears completely.
- laser surgery treatment. This technique is effective for all varicose veins. The affected vein is irradiated with a laser from the inside through a light guide inserted into it, which is connected to the laser. The whole process is controlled by an ultrasonic machine. After laser treatment of the vein, its walls are glued. Over time, the vein disappears completely. The advantage of this technique is that it is practically bloodless without incisions in the upper layer of the epidermis and soft tissues. With the help of laser surgery it is relatively easy to remove all dilated and damaged veins and vessels and even to cure trophic ulcers.
- removal of the vein by direct surgery. Surgery for varicose veins of the legs involves making small incisions in the skin and soft tissues underneath to reach the necessary veins. Damaged veins are removed and bandaged internally. Like any complex operation, the technique is applied with the obligatory use of anesthesia. It is recommended to perform operations on large veins with a large diameter
- elimination of varicose veins with the help of outpatient phlebectomy. The technique is applicable to small diameter veins. It is performed by performing the necessary skin incisions with local anesthesia. The main advantage of the operation is that the resulting scars after a while become almost invisible.
- removal of deformed veins with the help of endoscopic equipment. The technique has found its application in the presence of pathological ulcers on the skin. A microscopic video camera is inserted directly inside the vessel, through which it is possible to see the vein from the inside and monitor the operation. The vein is removed under observation through the inserted chamber.
Conservative treatment of varicose veins
Conducting conservative treatment of varicose veins without surgery has not lost its relevance along with progressive radical methods.
One of the most effective means is elastic compression. Wearing tights made of special knitwear ensures the correct distribution of pressure on the affected areas of the feet.
Such a measure contributes to the normalization of the circulatory capacity of the blood, improving its outflow. Elastic dense tissue performs the function of a supporting frame, as a result of which the load on the vessels is reduced and the progression of the disease is prevented.
In this scenario, the possible risk of blood clots is reduced. Therapeutic and preventive knitwear are currently being produced. Depending on the degree and shape of varicose veins, it is prescribed to wear products with a certain impact force.
The use of this technique is strongly recommended for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle, pregnant women, those who are genetically predisposed to the possibility of this disease, as well as in the presence of visible minor manifestations.
The use of drug therapy today is used as ancillary measures based on surgical treatment. With the help of drugs it is possible to significantly alleviate the patient's condition and reduce the negative manifestations, such as pain, swelling, discomfort and convulsions.
Of great importance here is the correct selection of tools that will provide an integrated approach to the application of therapeutic measures and will achieve the desired effect. The drug is able to neutralize the active process of intravascular inflammation, significantly reduce the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and improve venous tone.
The question of when it is better to start treatment of varicose veins can be answered: it is necessary to start therapeutic measures the earlier, the better, at the first signs of the disease.